Nowadays, with the rapid development of social economy, people’s awareness of self-safety protection is constantly improving, and the demand for protective equipment is increasing, which also accelerates the development of protective equipment. As part of this, the application of stab-resistant clothing has gradually entered people’s daily life from the field of professional protection.

In order to realize the anti-cut performance of clothing, it is necessary to clarify that the anti-cut performance of the fabric is mainly realized by the anti-cut performance of the yarn and the fabric. Fabrics commonly used in the field of cut-resistant textile materials mainly include knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, three-dimensional fabrics and composite fabrics. The main damage mechanism of the fabric is the shearing of the fabric by the cutter along the cross section and the tensile fracture of the yarn along the axial direction. For single-layer weft-knitted fabrics, when the knife tip pierces the loop of the knitted fabric, due to the loop length transfer characteristics, the length of the loop pierced by the knife tip is transferred to the adjacent loop length under the action of a small force. As the penetration width of the tool increases, the length of the coil shifts to a point where it no longer shifts. The critical state at this time is called the self-locking state.

This self-locking function can wrap the tip of the knife to a certain extent and prevent cutting; for double-layer and multi-layer weft-knitted fabrics, when the tip of the knife touches the fabric, the fabric will bend first, and the knife will affect the fabric at this stage. The knife has very little impact. As the knife falls, the tip gradually compresses the fabric, and the resistance on the tip increases. As the point of the knife continues to fall, the point of the knife that penetrates the loop becomes wider, the loop is shifted to a point where it then locks on itself, the fabric begins to deform physically, the yarn stretches itself, and the yarn in contact with the blade is cut and impacted . When the force reaches the maximum value, part of the fabric is pierced, and the uncut yarns of the lower fabric are stretched and deformed; the cutting resistance of non-woven fabrics is much lower than that of knitted axial fabrics. In nonwoven fabrics, the arrangement of fibers is random. When the blade cuts the fabric, the fibers have high breakage at different times; the cut resistance of the composite fabric is an optimization of the cut resistance of various single structure fabrics. The stretched state of the yarn in the fabric is conducive to the propagation of the shock wave in the plane and increases the energy-absorbing area of the fabric. The clustering phenomenon of lining yarn makes it have strong cutting resistance.

When making cut-resistant clothing, tight fabric structures such as plain weave and twill weave should be preferred. Since different fiber materials have different properties, the ability of fiber materials to resist external impact also determines the cutting resistance of textile materials to a certain extent. In composite fabrics, the polymer/filler ratio also affects the rheological properties of the composite fabric and further affects the mechanical properties of the composite, such as stiffness, modulus, and elongation at break (Ganguly et al., 2019). In addition to improving the bending and tensile properties of fabrics, the modification of natural fibers and the development of high-performance fibers are also key to enhancing the cut resistance of textile materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to study cut-resistant textile materials.